Thanks Emily - these are all good points. I really like the focus on implicit bias as both a structural and an interpersonal issue. There are structures within health care (as well as obviously outside of health care) that allow this bias to be perpetuated, including, as you point out, who is accepted to medical school and how medical curriculum is taught. And I agree that both treatment/diagnostic decisions and quality of communication needs to be considered when thinking about interpersonal influences on health care disparities, both because communication influences health outcomes and because quality of communication is of value in and of itself, in that it influences the quality of patient experience. Your idea for a feedback loop to providers to get them to be aware of differences in their treatment is interesting, although I would argue that you would also need some kind of curriculum to help them to understand WHY these differences might exist in order to truly have impact.