Age:
Cammack AL, Hogue CJ. Retrospectively self-reported age of childhood abuse onset in a United States nationally representative sample. Inj Epidemiol. 2017 Dec; 4:7.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346510/pdf/40621_2017_Article_103.pdf
Research question – What is the prevalence and onset of different types of retrospectively self-reported child abuse in the united states (sexual, physical and emotional), using a nationally representative sample?
Study sample – Wave IV from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health who were initially interviewed in grades 7-12 during 1994-1995 in schools located in 80 communities throughout the United States. Data on childhood abuse comes from a follow-up questionnaire performed when the subjects were 24-32 in 2008-2009. All participants had to have a Wave IV sampling weight to enable the construction of a representative sample.
Longitudinal design – The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health is a study that followed adolescents overtime in four in-home interviews, the last happening in 2008, with a scheduled Wave V planned for 2016-2018. Childhood abuse was reported retrospectively, with age of first abuse and frequency also being reported.
Analysis approach – age at abuse onset was examined as a continuous variable (they didn’t do Kaplan-meier or other time-based analysis) in a simple linear regression to assess the mean and percentiles for individual abuse subtypes. They then performed a multi-variate linear regression on all individuals how had reported data on all the determinants of abuse.
Time since study enrollment:
Pikalov A, Tsai J, Mao Y, Silva R, Cucchiaro J, Loebel A. Long-term use of lurasidone in patients with bipolar disorder: safety and effectiveness over 2 years of treatment. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2017. 5:9.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5332323/pdf/40345_2017_Article_75.pdf
Research question – To determine the long-term safety and effectiveness of lurasidone in patients who initially presented with a major depressive episode associated with bipolar disorder.
Study sample – Patients who had a DSM-IV-TR criteria for chronic schizophrenia or bipolar I depression were were enrolled over three 6-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials and followed for two years. Patients were initially participating in a 6-month, open label safety trial, and those finishing the initial six-months were and were eligible for an 18-month, open-label, continuation of the initial trial.
Longitudinal design – Patients were followed first over a six month period, and then, following successful completion of the initial six-months were followed for a further 18-months for a total of 2-years of drug safety and effectiveness. Patients were followed for a total of two years, with safety and effectiveness evaluations performed every 3-months following study enrollment, with additional visits scheduled if indicated due to adverse events or clinical worsening. Outcomes included adverse events or clinical worsening and movement disorders, body weight and vital signs.
Analysis approach – They performed simple descriptive statistics on the prevalence of various adverse outcomes, and treatment effectiveness at five different time-points. Additionally, they performed a Kaplan-meier survival analysis to estimate the probability of replapse during the 18-months of lurasidone continuation.
Other: Time since ICU admission
Martin-Loeches I, Muriel-Bombín A, Ferrer R, Artigas A, Sole-Violan J, Lorente L, Andaluz-Ojeda D, Prina-Mello A, Herrán-Monge R, Suberviola B, Rodriguez-Fernandez A, Merino P, Loza AM, Garcia-Olivares P, Anton E, Tamayo E, Trapiello W, Blanco J, Bermejo-Martin JF; GRECIA group. The protective association of endogenous immunoglobulins against sepsis mortality is restricted to patients with moderate organ failure. Ann Intensive Care. 2017 Dec; 7(1):44.
http://annalsofintensivecare.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13613-017-0268-3
Research question –Evaluate the impact of endogenous immunoglobulins on the mortality risk in sepsis following ICU admission as it depends on disease severity.
Study sample – retrospective observational study of 278 patients admitted to the ICU with sepsis fulfilling the SEPSIS-3 criteria, who come from the Spanish GRECIA and ABISS-EDUSEPSIS cohorts. Patients were separated into two groups by their score on organ failure, with SOFA <8, SOFA≥8.
Longitudinal design – Patients were followed after their admission into the ICU (days) until either death, discharge or censored at 28 days after ICU admission. Immunoglobulin levels were assessed on blood samples collected in the first 12 hours following ICU admission.
Analysis approach – Association between immunoglobulin levels at ICU admission with mortality was studied in each group by Kaplan-Meier and multivariate logistic regression analysis.